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Leptospirosis

Transmission:

Transmission is through the shedding of contaminated urine of infected animals. Animals can shed the bacteria for months to years following recovery from infection. Infection can also occur from contaminated water supplies, food, bedding, soil, vegetation, a pregnant mother to her young, and bite wounds, as well as other means of transmission.

Humans can contract this infection especially through contaminated urine.

Symptoms:

Fever, Dehydration, Depression, Congested mucous membranes, Vomiting, Vascular collapse, Loss of appetite, Eye lesions, Muscular stiffness, Acute liver failure

Diagnosis:

Diagnosis is based on history of endemic nature of leptospirosis in the area, vaccination history of the animal, clinical signs as seen
in the physical examination, blood work, urinalysis, and may require virus isolation/titers.

Treatment:

Treatment is mainly supportive involving hospitalization, placement of an intravenous catheter, fluid therapy, injectable and oral
antibiotics in heavy dosages, and other means of supportive care that your veterinarian deems is necessary.

Prevention:

Prevention is through vaccination of the animals that are in an endemic or high risk areas/situations. Some animals have had allergic problems to the vaccine, so ask your veterinarian if Leptospirosis is a problem in your area!